You can protect your Azure VMs by taking backups at regular intervals. There are several backup options available, here after some more details.
Azure Backup
For backing up Azure VMs running production workloads, use Azure Backup.
Azure Backup supports application-consistent backups for both Windows and Linux VMs.
Azure Backup creates recovery points that are stored in geo-redundant recovery vaults.
When you restore from a recovery point, you can restore the whole VM or just specific files.
Azure Site Recovery
Azure Site Recovery protects your VMs from a major disaster scenario when a whole region experiences an outage due to major natural disaster or widespread service interruption.
You can configure Azure Site Recovery for your VMs so that you can recover your application with a single click in matter of minutes.
You can replicate to an Azure region of your choice.
For more details, you can check this Article
Managed snapshots
In development and test environments, snapshots provide a quick and simple option for backing up VMs that use Managed Disks.
A managed snapshot is a read-only full copy of a managed disk.
Snapshots exist independent of the source disk and can be used to create new managed disks for rebuilding a VM.
They are billed based on the used portion of the disk.
For example, if you create a snapshot of a managed disk with provisioned capacity of 128 GB and actual used data size of 20 GB, snapshot will be billed only for the used data size of 20 GB.